MR 286MR 286
MR 286
44 colonial postcards of smaller towns and villages: Chiffa, Dar-Chaffai, Deraa, Debdou, Djebel-Hebri, Dar Bel-Hamri, El Hajeb, El-Aioun, El Kelaa, El-Aioun-Sidi-Mellouk, El Boujad, El-Djem, El Hadjeb, Fedalah, Fez-Djedid, Guercif, Guelize, Gabes, Guercif, Gounafa, Ifrane, Immouzer. Some issued on the eve of Independence.
Price: $1320.00
MR 285
68 colonial postcards of smaller towns and villages: Ain-Defali, Ain-Leuh, Azemmour, Agadir, Azrou, Amismiz, Asni, Azilal, Ahir, Askak N’Idji, Ain Taforalt, Bab-Djedid, Bou-Denib, Boujad, Ber Rechid, Beni-Mellal, Bou-Anan, Bin-Lemdam, Bab-Djedid, “Bled” (a lawless area out of control of the sultans), Boumalne du Dades, Boubeker, Bila-Bila, Berkane, Ben Ahmed. Some issued on the eve of Independence
Price: $2040.00
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MR 284
MR 284
55 colonial postcards of Fez, both the old city and La Ville Nouvelle. Architectural and local scenes and life.
Price: $1650.00
Note: Following the deadly 1912 riots in Fez, General Lyautey decided to move the capital from Fez to Rabat. A number of social and physical changes took place during this period and across the 20th century. Starting under Lyautey, one important policy with long-term consequences was the decision to largely forego redevelopment of existing historic walled cities in Morocco and to intentionally preserve them as sites of historic heritage, still known today as "medinas". Instead, the French administration built new modern cities (the Villes Nouvelles) just outside the old cities, where European settlers largely resided with modern Western-style amenities. This was part of a larger "policy of association" adopted by Lyautey which favoured various forms of indirect colonial rule by preserving local institutions and elites, in contrast with other French colonial policies that had favoured "assimilation". 
MR 284
MR 284While new colonial policies preserved historic monuments, they stalled urban development in heritage areas. Scholar Janet Abu-Lughod has argued that these policies created a kind of urban "apartheid" between the indigenous Moroccan urban areas, who were forced to remain stagnant in terms of urban development and architectural innovation, and the new, mainly European-inhabited planned cities, which expanded to occupy lands formerly used by Moroccans outside the city. This separation was partly softened, however, by wealthy Moroccans who started moving into the Ville Nouvelles during this period. By contrast, the old city (medina) of Fez was increasingly settled by poorer rural migrants from the countryside
MR 283
3 photo postcards of Camp Marechal Lyautey shortly before Independence.
Price: $90.00
MR 282
6 non-commercial photos of a Moroccan dignitary visiting a local village.
Price: $150.00
MR 281
63 colonial postcards of Oudjda. Mainly military with military stamps from the re-occupation, architectural interest and local life. Some issued on the eve of Independence.
Price: $1890.00
Note: In 1907-1908, Oujda was reconquered by General Bugeaud and Marshal Lyautey and used as a French military base to control eastern Morocco. The modern city owes much of its present form to the French, who developed along the roads built at that time. Anti-Jewish riots occurred in Oujda June 1948, during the 1948 Palestine war in the aftermath of the establishment of the State of Israel. Oujda, located near the border, was a departure point for Moroccan Jews seeking to reach Israel by crossing into French Algeria; at the time they were not permitted to do so from within Morocco. In the events, 47 Jews and a French person were killed, many were injured, and property was damaged. The 1953 Oujda revolt took place during Thami El Glaoui's attempted coup against Sultan Muhammad V. In 1954, from the beginning of the Algerian Independence War, Morocco allowed Oujda to become the logistic center of the Oujda Group.
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MR 280
MR 280
74 colonial postcards of Tanger. Local scenes and architectural interest. Some cards issued on the eve of Independence.
Price: $2220.00
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MR 279
18 colonial postcards of indigenous Moroccan cavalry, infantry, goums and spahis.
Price: $540.00
MR 278
Collection of 11 colonial postcards on scenes and types of North Africans. Artwork by Sandoz. KN
Price: $330.00
MR 277
55 colonial postcards of Moroccan royalty and notables, their entourage, camps, etc. Many are named.
Price: $1650.00
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MR 276
18 photos late colonial Casablanca and Meknes. Architecture and military interest.
Price: $360.00
MR 275
60 colonial postcards of Taza and Khenifra. Mainly military from the Zaian war and its aftermath but also local and architecture interest.
Price: $2400.00
Note: The Zaian Confederation of Berber tribes in Morocco fought a war of opposition against the French between 1914 and 1921. Resident-General Louis-Hubert Lyautey sought to extend French influence eastwards through the Middle Atlas mountains towards French Algeria. This was opposed by the Zaians, led by Mouha ou Hammou Zayani. The war began well for the French, who quickly took the key towns of Taza and Khenifra. Despite the loss of their base at Khénifra, the Zaians inflicted heavy losses on the French. The capture of Taza in May 1914 enabled the French to establish contact between their forces in eastern Morocco and those in the west.
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